Soren Kierkegaard, who was born in Denmark and died there at the age of forty-two, is regarded by many as the father of existentialist thinking. During his lifetime the Hegelian theologian he reacted against the Hegelian theologists in Denmark, denounced organized religion and held that the act of choice by an individual was all-important. The Diary covers the important elements in Kierkegaard's life, including his childhood, his relations with his father, the influence of other writers on him, his broken engagement (which had a far-reaching effect on the rest of his life), and his celebrated quarrel with the Church. Kierkegaard's writings are important because he is almost the first European writer to take a modern, analytical, psychological approach to religion. Proust, Joyce, and Aldous Huxley were only a few of the modern writers influenced by the Dane; and Jean-Paul Sartre's philosophy of existentialism is based on his thinking.
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Søren Aabye Kierkegaard
Søren Aabye Kierkegaard foi um teólogo e filósofo dinamarquês do século XIX, mais conhecido por ser o "pai do existencialismo". Filosoficamente, fez a ponte entre a filosofia hegeliana e aquilo que se tornaria no existencialismo. Kierkegaard rejeitou a filosofia hegeliana do seu tempo e aquilo que ele viu como o formalismo vácuo da igreja luterana dinamarquesa. Muitas das suas obras lidam com problemas religiosos tais como a natureza da fé, a instituição da fé cristã, e ética cristã e teologia. Por causa disto, a obra de Kierkegaard é, algumas vezes, caracterizada como existencialismo cristão, em oposição ao existencialismo de Jean-Paul Sartre ou ao proto-existencialismo de Friedrich Nietzsche, ambos derivados de uma forte base ateística.
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