A Cidadella - (O Romance de um Médico)

Archibald Joseph Cronin, A. J. Cronin

Livraria José Olympio Editora, (RJ)

1939

400 páginas

13h 20m

ISBN-1: 0

Português Brasileiro

The Citadel (Dr. Cronin's new novel, 1937). Notas e Prefácio do tradutor brasileiro Genolino Amado. |...| For his fifth book, Dr. Cronin drew on his experiences practising medicine in the coal mining communities of the South Wales Valleys — as he had for "The Stars Look Down" [(aka) Sous le Regard Des Etoiles] two years earlier. Specifically, he had researched and reported on the correlation between coal dust inhalation and lung disease in the town of Tredegar. He had also worked as a doctor for the Tredegar Medical Aid Society at the Cottage Hospital, which served as the model for the National Health Service.

Cronin once stated in an interview, "I have written in The Citadel all I feel about the medical profession, its injustices, its hide-bound unscientific stubbornness, its humbug ... The horrors and inequities detailed in the story I have personally witnessed. This is not an attack against individuals, but against a system."

The novel was made into a 1938 film with Robert Donat, Rosalind Russell, Ralph Richardson and Rex Harrison, and television versions include one American (1960), two British (1960 & 1983), and two Italian (1964 & 2003) adaptations of the novel. There are also three Indian film adaptations: Tere Mere Sapne (1971) in Hindi, Jiban Saikate (1972) in Bengali and Madhura Swapnam (1982) in Telugu. |...| The Citadel, a tale of a mining company doctor's struggle to balance scientific integrity with social obligations, incited the establishment of the National Health Service in the United Kingdom by exposing the inequity and incompetence of medical practice at the time. In the novel, Cronin advocated a free public health service in order to defeat the wiles of those doctors who "raised guinea-snatching and the bamboozling of patients to an art form." Dr. Cronin and Aneurin Bevan had both worked at the Tredegar Cottage Hospital in Wales, which served as the basis for the NHS. The author quickly made enemies in the medical profession, and there was a concerted effort by one group of specialists to get The Citadel banned. Cronin's novel, which was the publisher's best-selling book in its history, informed the public of corruption within the medical system, planting a seed that eventually led to necessary reform. Not only were the author's pioneering ideas instrumental in the creation of the NHS, but historian Raphael Samuel has stated that the popularity of his novels played a substantial role in the Labour Party's landslide 1945 victory.

By contrast, according to one of Cronin's biographers, Alan Davies, the book's reception was mixed. A few of the more vociferous medical practitioners of the day took exception to one of its many messages; that a few well-heeled doctors in fashionable practices were ripping off their equally well-off patients. Some pointed to the lack of balance between criticism and praise for hard working doctors. The majority accepted it for what is was — a perceptive, topical novel. The press, typically, attempted to incite passions within the profession in an attempt to sell copy, while Victor Gollancz, Cronin's publisher, followed suit in an attempt to promote the book; all conveniently (or purposely) overlooking the fact that it was a work of fiction, not a scientific piece of research, and not autobiographical.

In the United States, The Citadel won the National Book Award, Favorite Fiction of 1937, voted by members of the American Booksellers Association. According to a 1939 Gallup poll, The Citadel was voted the most interesting book readers had ever read.

Resenhas (104)

4 (Muito bom)

A cidadela, de A. J. Cronin

Que eu sou um fã de livros com temática de medicina, isso já deixei bem claro por aqui! Por isso, foi com muita expectativa que comecei a ler A cidadela, em que são narradas as condições de trabalho de um jovem médico recém-formado no início do século XX. Além disso, em nossa conversa para o @dariaumlivropodcast, o livro havia sido indicado por Antônio Fagundes como um dos seus favoritos.

O protagonista da história, Dr. Andrew Manson, inicia sua carreira em uma pequena aldeia do País de Gales. Por não ter tido muita experiência com pacientes, conseguimos acompanhar a insegurança de um jovem com a enorme responsabilidade de lidar com a vida dos moradores de Drineffy. Porém, sempre buscando enxergar o seu paciente como um ser complexo, indo além da simples análise dos seus sintomas físicos, Dr. Manson começa a chamar a atenção na região em que atende.

Apesar de o início da leitura ter me prendido bastante a atenção, confesso que o desenvolvimento do meio da narrativa ficou um pouco lento. Tive a sensação de que a rotina do Dr. Manson teria ficado monótona, sem grandes acontecimentos.

Por sua vez, consegui retomar o ritmo no terço final da obra. Depois que se muda para Londres e começa a adentrar no círculo social dos pacientes ricos e importantes, o personagem passa a esbarrar em questões éticas interessantes. Foi como se o médico tão interessado no bem-estar do paciente passasse a ser corrompido por uma sociedade que vive pelo dinheiro e pelo poder. Há um crescente conflito interno entre sucesso profissional e os objetivos éticos da tão venerada profissão dos médicos… Temas que, na minha visão, ainda devem existir para quem vive nesse meio. Também é interessante ver como as questões profissionais acabam irradiando para o lado pessoal e familiar do protagonista.

Mesmo com esse ritmo mais lento no desenvolvimento da obra, a experiência da leitura foi bem prazerosa. Recomendo bastante a leitura para quem se interessa pelo tema e para quem gosta de romances que retratam a sociedade do início do século passado!

Nota 8,5/10